themeaw Themes and Fate in The Awakening and Madame Bovary Essay

Themes and Fate in The Awakening and Madame Bovary Kate Chopins The Awakening and Gustave Flauberts Madame Bovary are both tales of women indignant with their domesticated situations the distinct differences between the two books can be found in the authors unique tones. Both authors weave similar themes into their writings such as, the escape from the monotony of domestic life, dissatisfaction with marital expectations and suicide. References to fate abound throughout both works. In The Awakening, Chopin uses fate to represent the expectations of Edna Pontelliers aristocratic society. Flaubert uses fate to portray his characters compulsive methods of dealing with their offense and rejecting of personal accountability. Both authors, however seem to believe that it is fate that oppresses these women their creators view them subjectively, as if they were products of their respective environments. Chopin portrays Edna as an object, and she receives only the same respect as a possession. Ednas husband sees her as and looks, ...at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage. (P 2 The Awakening) Chopin foils their marriage in that of the Ratignolles who, ...understood each other perfectly. She makes the classic mistake of comparing ones insides with others outsides when she thinks, If ever the fusion of two human begins into one has been accomplished on this sphere it was surely in their union. (P 56 The Awakening) This sets the stage for her unhappiness, providing a point of contrast for her despondent marriage to Mr. Pontellier. She blames their marriage for their unhappiness declaring that, ...a wedding is one of the ... ...ate UP, 1969. 881-1000. Delbanco, Andrew. The Half-Life of Edna Pontellier. New Essays on The Awakening. Ed. Wendy Martin. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1988. 89-106. Gilmore, Michael T. disgust Against Nature The Problematic Modernism of The Awakening. Martin 59-84. Giorcelli, Crist ina. Ednas Wisdom A Transitional and Numinous Merging. Martin 109-39. Martin, Wendy, ed. New Essays on the Awakening. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1988. Papke, Mary E. Verging on the Abyss The Social Fiction of Kate Chopin and Edith Wharton. Westport, CT Greenwood, 1990. Seyersted, Per. Kate Chopin A Critical Biography. Baton Rouge Louisiana State UP, 1969. Showalter, Elaine. Tradition and the Female Talent The Awakening as a Solitary Book. Martin 33-55. Skaggs, Peggy. Kate Chopin. Boston Twayne, 1985.

Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa Essay -- Essays on Eating Disorde

Imagine starving yourself to the point of death. Imagine throwing up repeatedly afterward every meal. This may seem too harsh of a reality to comprehend, but between 30-60% of all United States females are on calorie constraining diets. (Reel, 3) These diets eventually lead to obsessions abtaboo their desired weight and often result in an eating disorder. The two most prevalent disorders today are Anorexia Nervosa and binge-eating syndrome Nervosa. Bulimia Nervosa affects 2 to 3 % of all women 15 to 40. Many young women between middle and gamey school develop often these bad habits to fight with the insecurities developing around them. These two disorders are affecting individuals younger and younger each year. Anorexia generally begins between 12 and 20 and coincides with the beginning and ending of high school. Recent studies have shown that Bulimia tends to affect 5% of all high school girls. (Levine, 132-4) These girls either have a serious Bulimic disorder or have routine weekly binges. Why are eating disorders so prevalent among young women? This question plagues legion(predicate) teachers, parents, and even friends of victims. There are many controversial causes surrounding this very question. Three major causes seem to dominate the minds of researchers worldwide. Ones family factors and social scene ultimately effect ones psychological factors, which could eventually lead into the reading of a serious eating disease. Each of these factors tend to effect everyone differently, but from various research they all have the same outcome an eating disorder. Bulimia, or ox hunger, is a disease characterized by abnormal increases in hunger whereby an individual binges rapidly, then attempts to undo the effects by vomiting, taking laxatives,... ... every(prenominal) disease can be cured with love and patience. With these eating disorder patients life has seemed to treat them wrong, all they need is some reassurance that everything will turn out fine. Works Cited Ask NOAH about Mental Health. Eating Disorders Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa. http//noah.cuny.edu/wellconn/eatdisorders.html How Serious Are Eating Disorders (16 March 1999) Berg, Frances M. Afraid to Eat. Hettinger Healthy Weight Journal, 1997. Costin, Carolyn. Your Dieting Daughter, Is She dying for Attention? New York Brunner/Mazel Publishers, 1997. Eating Disorders Recovery Group. Mirror, Mirror on the Wall, Whos the Fattest of Them All? http//www.mirror-mirror.org/eatdis.html (17 March 1999) Levine, Michael P. Student Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia. Washington National Education Association, 1987

Ethics Paper -- essays research papers

Everyday we each face drumheads of what we ought to do. We sometimes ask ourselves,What if everyone did that? Every time you decide to pick up a pitch of trash because you hopethe city to port nice, you are non doing it because of the aesthetic effect of one piece of trash, butrather what the city would look like if no one picked up their trash.Kant uses this everyday question in his system of morality as part of the categoricalimperative. For Kant, the morality of an action tolerate be determined by the categorical imperative.Kant would like to determine the morality of stealing, therefore Kant wants to examine themorality of I will steal anything I want to satisfy my desire for it. Then Kant rephrases thestatement to ask the question of what if everybody did it, Everyone will steal anything they wantto satisfy their desire for it. Then Kant makes that statement a maxim, a law which must befollowed by everyone in Kants test human race. Kant examines the world and asks if you nookieconsistently will your maxim in a world in which that is a law? But if everyone steals anythingthey desire, how will there be property rights since it is okay for anyone to take anything at anytime? There cant. Since there are no property rights, the maxim breaks down since stealing onlyoccurs when someone takes property from its rightful owner. Since there is a contradiction in terms in the1conception of the maxim, you are prohibited from acting on that maxim.Imagine Ice Man, a cold, rational person that does not find inner gaiety in spreadingjoy and cannot take delight in the satisfaction of others. Does Ice Man set about a duty to serve up otherswhen they are in need? Ice Man is wealthy and not in need of help from others? Ice Man wants todetermine the morality of I will not help others when they are in need of help. Therefore, whatif everyone did not help others when they are in need of help. Despite this being an unhappyworld, there is no contradiction in conception in this maxim unlike above. But does it pass Kantscontradiction in willing test? Ice Man is outlined as a rational being. As a rational being, Ice Manknows that one day he too will be in need. Since he is a rational being, he will prefer thatsomeone would help him and as a rational being, cannot will that no one would help other whenthey are in need. Since it fails the contradiction in willing test, ev... ...by universalizingthe situation and removing your own self interest, then we judge the consequences to our actionswithout prejudice or preference. By ignoring the question of What if everyone did that?, we can3justify murder, lies, and other unmoral acts that can hurt much more than we realize in the heat ofthe moment. If I leave a piece of trash on the ground when I am in rush or otherwise pressuredand believe that is okay, that piece of trash on the ground office that someone else will have topick it up and that other people will feel more free to drop their trash there.1 Man y actions whitethornseem to hurt no one, but in the aggregate do cause pain to others. By ignoring the question ofWhat if everyone did that?, we ignore the infinitesimal effects our actions have on everyone wecome into contact with it or simply feel the secondary effects. Therefore, the universal question ofWhat if everyone did that? should be a part of our ethical thinking.1I did an informal turn over on this in my social room last year with both dirty dishes in the sink and paper towels onthe floor. The difference in dirtiness after an hour was impressive. Real studies have been done on this as well.

Creon The Tragic Hero of Sophocles Antigone Essay -- Essays Papers

Creon The Tragic Hero of Sophocles AntigoneEvery Greek tragedy must have a tragic hero. In Sophocles play, Antigone, the most tragic hero is Creon. He is an essentially good man of high position who takes pride in his role as king. He possesses the tragic flaws of excessive pride and an oversized ego. This causes the tragic reversal that leads to his emotional ruin and eventual remorse and repentance. As King of Thebes, Creon is forced to make exhausting decisions. As a new ruler, he feels it is necessary to prove himself to his citizens, therefore he rules his state with a firm hand. He believes that Polyneices should not be bury because he was a traitor to his country and family. Creon knew this decision would be hard on some people, but did not anticipate how greatly it would affect his niece, Antigone. Because Antigone goes against Creons will and law and buries her brother, she forces him into a position where he again has to make a difficult decision. He must choose to kill h is own family part and uphold the law, or punish her less severely and show that he was wrong in a previous decision. Creons pride does not depart him show leniency toward Antigone, and he arrogantly defends his decision by stating, whoever may be the man appointed by the city, that man must be obeyed in everything, little or great, just or unjust (line 608). Creons arrogance and pride is the tragic flaw that leads to his inevitable go acrossfall. He does not hand down a just sent...

Visual Codes and Conventions in the Painting: George Robinson Welcomes

Visual texts can be seen to be an attempt by their creators to represent particular ideologies to their viewers. It is the viewers attitudes and value however, that determine the contemporary kernel of the image. The painting George Robinson welcomes Natives to Wybalenna, is a colonial document portraying the Christianizing of indigenous people on Flinders Island. Visual codes and conventions employed in the image, such as positioning and skeletal frame depict the entwined values of white, patriarchal and Christian ideologies of the 19th Century. However, change in how society identifies itself, also changes the dominant ideology in its culture. Subsequently, the historical context of Post-Colonial attitudes and values in contemporary society, evoke a contemporary meaning in Robinsons painting, one of racial and religious prejudice. The convention of positioning is vital in constructing the Colonial ideology of Robinson?s image. It has the potential to provide the viewer with visu al associations, which translate to language in the form of binary oppositions. For instance, the most c...

A Short Review of The West Side Story :: essays research papers

One of the things that starting line struck me about the play was that the characters believed they lived a good emotional state. I saw the exact opposite. The good spiritedness is shown through success, success through a career, education, goals, and love, or at least we are brought up weighing so. The familys only had one an other and without the support of that gang, these boys/characters would not exist as individual human beings. The Jets did not want to aim jobs, and they mocked the ex-gang member, Tony, for leaving the gang to make a afterlife for himself. Life outside the gang was not an option for the Jets. None of the boys had any future plans or felt the need for anything else in their lives. Tony did not live the good life, but he did have dreams. He knew there was a better life for him out there, and parting from the gang allowed him to search for that life. Maybe it was only me, but Tony seemed to be the happiest person there, horizontal before he met Maria.The West Side composition did not demonstrate a good nightspot, either. The people outside the gang did not help to train these kids in the right direction. The gangs learned to be nix towards one another, because people of higher authority did the same, such as the cops. I was shocked when the cop make racist comments towards the Sharks, I would think that a b lack man in that time period would be more aware of racial tensions and slurs. In the meter Officer Krupke the Jets sing of s incessantlyal reasons to why ships company believes they are bad kids. Society makes it okay for them to be bad, and the boys just accept those excuses. People in their society were constantly giving them negative remarks and this eventually take them to believe that what people told them was true. The society had the same hatred that the two gangs for each other. In spite of their lack of opportunities both gangs have a lot of bid at the dance (although it is laced with tension). The fun was port rayed by the vibrant colors of the girls dresses and the boys shirts, the frenetic music. I really loved the wonderful outfits, and I think that they really do make the play reachable.I was wondering if West Side Story has ever been done in a setting other than proscenium.A Short Review of The West Side Story essays research papers One of the things that first struck me about the play was that the characters believed they lived a good life. I saw the exact opposite. The good life is shown through success, success through a career, education, goals, and love, or at least we are brought up thinking so. The gangs only had one another and without the support of that gang, these boys/characters would not exist as individual human beings. The Jets did not want to have jobs, and they mocked the ex-gang member, Tony, for leaving the gang to make a future for himself. Life outside the gang was not an option for the Jets. None of the boys had any future plans or felt the need for anything else in their lives. Tony did not live the good life, but he did have dreams. He knew there was a better life for him out there, and parting from the gang allowed him to search for that life. Maybe it was only me, but Tony seemed to be the happiest person there, even before he met Maria.The West Side Story did not demonstrate a good society, either. The people outside the gang did not help to lead these kids in the right direction. The gangs learned to be negative towards one another, because people of higher authority did the same, such as the cops. I was shocked when the cop made racist comments towards the Sharks, I would think that a depressed man in that time period would be more aware of racial tensions and slurs. In the song Officer Krupke the Jets sing of several reasons to why society believes they are bad kids. Society makes it okay for them to be bad, and the boys just accept those excuses. People in their society were constantly giving them negative remarks and this eve ntually led them to believe that what people told them was true. The society had the same hatred that the two gangs for each other. In spite of their lack of opportunities both gangs have a lot of fun at the dance (although it is laced with tension). The fun was portrayed by the vibrant colors of the girls dresses and the boys shirts, the frenetic music. I really loved the wonderful outfits, and I think that they really do make the play reachable.I was wondering if West Side Story has ever been done in a setting other than proscenium.

A Short Review of The West Side Story :: essays research papers

One of the things that first struck me round the play was that the characters believed they lived a good life. I saw the exact opposite. The good life is shown through victory, success through a career, education, goals, and love, or at least(prenominal) we are brought up thinking so. The gangs only had one another and without the support of that gang, these boys/characters would not exist as individual human beings. The Jets did not want to start out jobs, and they mocked the ex-gang member, Tony, for leaving the gang to make a future for himself. Life outside the gang was not an pickax for the Jets. None of the boys had any future plans or mat the need for anything else in their lives. Tony did not live the good life, but he did make believe dreams. He knew on that point was a better life for him out there, and theatrical role from the gang allowed him to search for that life. Maybe it was only me, but Tony seemed to be the happiest person there, even before he met Maria. The West Side Story did not represent a good society, either. The wad outside the gang did not help to lead these kids in the veracious direction. The gangs learned to be negative towards one another, because pot of higher authority did the same, such as the cops. I was shocked when the cop made racist comments towards the Sharks, I would think that a black man in that time period would be more aware of racial tensions and slurs. In the song Officer Krupke the Jets prattle of several reasons to why society believes they are good-for-naught kids. Society makes it okay for them to be bad, and the boys just accept those excuses. People in their society were constantly gravid them negative remarks and this eventually led them to believe that what people told them was true. The society had the same hatred that the two gangs for each other. In spite of their lack of opportunities both gangs have a lot of fun at the move (although it is laced with tension). The fun was portrayed by the vibrant colors of the girls dresses and the boys shirts, the frenetic music. I really love the wonderful outfits, and I think that they really do make the play reachable.I was wondering if West Side Story has ever been done in a setting other than proscenium.A Short Review of The West Side Story essays research papers One of the things that first struck me about the play was that the characters believed they lived a good life. I saw the exact opposite. The good life is shown through success, success through a career, education, goals, and love, or at least we are brought up thinking so. The gangs only had one another and without the support of that gang, these boys/characters would not exist as individual human beings. The Jets did not want to have jobs, and they mocked the ex-gang member, Tony, for leaving the gang to make a future for himself. Life outside the gang was not an option for the Jets. None of the boys had any future plans or felt the need for anything else in t heir lives. Tony did not live the good life, but he did have dreams. He knew there was a better life for him out there, and parting from the gang allowed him to search for that life. Maybe it was only me, but Tony seemed to be the happiest person there, even before he met Maria.The West Side Story did not demonstrate a good society, either. The people outside the gang did not help to lead these kids in the right direction. The gangs learned to be negative towards one another, because people of higher authority did the same, such as the cops. I was shocked when the cop made racist comments towards the Sharks, I would think that a black man in that time period would be more aware of racial tensions and slurs. In the song Officer Krupke the Jets sing of several reasons to why society believes they are bad kids. Society makes it okay for them to be bad, and the boys just accept those excuses. People in their society were constantly giving them negative remarks and this eventually led th em to believe that what people told them was true. The society had the same hatred that the two gangs for each other. In spite of their lack of opportunities both gangs have a lot of fun at the dance (although it is laced with tension). The fun was portrayed by the vibrant colors of the girls dresses and the boys shirts, the frenetic music. I really loved the wonderful outfits, and I think that they really do make the play reachable.I was wondering if West Side Story has ever been done in a setting other than proscenium.

Important of English Language Essay

Language plays an important role in human living. One tries to acquire, learn and use language as a means of communication, and simultaneously as social symbol of humanity. By using language someone could make statements, convey facts and knowledge, explain or report something, and keep social dealings among the language users. These indicate that by means of language, people git express their ideas, feeling, information etceteraterathrough communication. , As one of language in the world, side of meat is considered and apply as international language. Since then, it is very popular and have been spoken and learnt by almost people in the world.There are some reasons why English is important and many people attempt to learn it. Some of them are for finding job, traveling, interacting one each other, doing business, taking examination, doing research, writing in the foreign language, etc. In such developing country like Indonesia, English has a vital role in all aspects of life, particularly in science and technology. Furthermore, it can be used for developing relationships in the international forum, for reading English book (especially for students from primary school up to colleges/university), to tighten the relationship among nations in the world, etc.As students, we learn English are intended to obtain various knowledge, to comprehend and understand the textbooks learned in English, to gain knowledge and skills, and to be secure enter to the university, as one of the test requirements for students of senior High School (SMA), etcThis expression reminds us how importance of English for human life is. As planetary or universal language, English is not only en ables us to communicate and interact with every people throughout the world, but also it could alter our life to be better. Furthermore, we also must be aware that the western countries play extra ordinary role in developing and keeping science and technology. Thus, if we motive to be a skilful scientists, linguists, and be able to compete with the other countries in the world, we must understand, master and learn the language they use, namely English.Before mop up this speech, let me conclude the essential points of my speech 1. English is senior high schoolly necessary to be learned and mastered by everyone, in order to be able to compete in the globalization era 2. English is a key to open and master science and technology, because most of scientists write their experts and inventions in English. 3. As students of high school (SMA), we have to prepare ourselves by learning hard, particularly English as well as the other subjects at school 4. By know English enables us to become survive and go anywhere throughout the world

Article About Advantage Phone in School

fit to a 2008 study by the Pew Research Center, 75 percentage of teenagers ages 12 to 17 own a mobile phone and use that phone for daily communication through talking and text messaging. Although mobile phones whitethorn be a distraction in schools, there are many advantages to teenagers bearing and using their mobile phonesamong them a upshot of educational and informational smartphone applications and the ability to collar a missing teenagers fixing via GPS tracking.One of the biggest advantages to a teenager having a mobile phone is the ability to call an emergency service in case of an accident or a towing service in case of a tire blowout while driving. According to the 2008 study conducted by the Pew Research Center, 75 percent of Americans claim to pose used their mobile phones in emergency situations. Emergency agencies also support the use of mobile phones during an emergency by urging people to add the letters ICE (for in case of emergency) in front of certain name s in their mobile phone directory to evidence who should be called in case of an emergency.Many new phones also include GPS location technology, allowing parents to pinpoint the location of their teens or to locate lost or stolen phones. Smartphones allow teenagers to keep in forgather not only with their friends, but also with family members, schools and emergency services. Facebook and new(prenominal) social media applications allow for instant updates on a teenagers status, and mobile phones have revolutionized long-distance communication by including long-distance calling options in their service plans.The ability to send instant text messages is an added advantage, though it should be avoided while driving. According to the Pew Research Centers 2008 study, an estimated 88 percent of teenage mobile phones users use their phones to connect through text messaging. Smartphones enable teenagers and college students alike to download course lectures, lesson plans and other applica tions designed to aid in education.Many applications provide books in digital format, much like a Kindle, while other applications, such as the USA now or the New York Times app, condense every aspect of the print newspaper so it fits in the palm of a teenagers hand. In addition, a number of informational and educational podcasts, as well as classes recorded in podcast format, are available for instant download to most smartphones. main idea 1. Cell Phones as an Aid in Emergency Situations * ability to call an emergency service in case of an accident or a towing service include GPS location technology, allowing parents to pinpoint the location of their teens or to locate lost or stolen phones. 2. Cell Phones as a Means to Connect * allow teenagers to keep in touch not only with their friends, but also with family members, schools and emergency services. 3. Cell Phones as Wellness and Educational Tools * enable teenagers and college students alike to download course lectures, lesson plans and other applications designed to aid in education.

Adolescence Is the Unhappiest Time in Most People?S Lives

Adolescence is the unhappiest quantify in well-nigh people? s lives Most people agrees that adolesece may be the hardest cadence in intimately peoples life. Just like every period of life, being adolescent can be a pretty rough eon. Some people says it is the unhappiestime, plot of land other says it is the most happiest time in our life. but not everyone agrees that is the unhappiest time. So is the adolecense the unhappiest time in most peoples lives? , Im going to talk about the arguments for and against this statement and pass my own opinion.It is true that adolesence is a very hard age, may be the hardest. Firstly because, is the time in wich the soulfulness is growing up, and has to get used to deliver more responsabilities. Also, there argon many people that think this is because the adolecent are more sensitive than older or younger people and this is a reazon why to get upset for very silly razons. And, finally, some people thinks this is because, the adolecents ar ent as free as they wished to be, and this make them want to pass this part of their lives quicker.However, there are some people that desagree with this statement, and one of the mainly arguments is that is a very happy time for people because they dont have to worry about the resoult of their actions because they dont have as galore(postnominal) responsabilities as they will have later when they get older. Another argument against this is that they, normaly, have more free time, and less stress. a time when they begin to queer who they are, they are becoming more independent, they are establishing friendships, and their bodies start developing. For many, entering into puberty can be a very emotional, stressful, confusing, and frightening time.Some make the change from childhood into adolescence with only a few minor problems, others however, may have a more difficult time handling the pressures and some may develop ingest disorders as a way to cope. Some may enter into puberty early and be subjected to teasing by their peers. Many fear the weight that is gained during this time is permanent, will panic, and desperately try to take the weight off. They are not aware that once the physical changes during this time cease, their weight will usually horse barn off and go to their bodies natural set point, without the need for dieting.Adolescence Is the Unhappiest Time in Most Peoples LivesAdolescence is the unhappiest time in most peoples lives. It seems to me adolescence is a very important period for everyone as it forms their views on life. When you are young, parents bring up and teach you, you learn something by your own and become some life experience. Then you go to school where you get basic knowledge, find new friends, communicate and share your opinions with them. This time could be divided into three periods persons childhood, school time and the last is an university or college time. Each of them is extremely important as it influences on the furt her life of an individual.Some people state that adolescence is the unhappiest time for most people. It brings many accidents, bad experiences and, as a result, person can go, for example, in a crime world or drug addiction. These facts are followed aft(prenominal) the bad upbringing and some problem families. Thats why these people state thar the adolescence is a very important time for a person and during this time person is touchy so they(person is thouchy so they(he or she, leave it open)) could have a bad experience and it would influence a lot to his future. However, others are cognizant that adolescence is the happiest time in everybodys life.When you are young, you are not responsible for anything and you dont have serious problems that should be solved. You dont keeping about anything bad and enjoy spending your time with friends. Person goes to school where he gains some experience and finds new friends. They say, in most cases children have a good upbringing and only e njoy their life. It goes without saying, that the world of today is dangerous, however it mostly doesnt influence on the person. If you ask me, I think adolescence is the most enjoyable time for everyone as it gives many opportunities for relaxation, education and entertainment.

Aids In Africa

The pandemic brought ab egress by the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) in Africa has become a precise popular topic among healthc atomic number 18 experts, and interestingly, also among U.S. policymakers. This level of attention is refer sufficient to the high mortality score of AIDS victims in the said region as well as the signifi erecttly low life-expectancy among those septic with the Human Immunodeficiency virus (human immunodeficiency virus) the pathogen that causes AIDS.In order to have a broader understanding about the topic four different kinds of literature related to the topic de dowry be used to collapse the impact of the AIDS pandemic in Africa.Infectious Diseases EpidemiologyThe first character that will be analyzed is a university extension book entitled, Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Theory and Practice. This reference books deal with the transmittal and control of diseases and it has a section dealing with AIDS/ HIV.The authors were able to fully explain how AIDS is transmitted and also how to control the spreadhead of the virus. There is also a section that describes one of the most ambitious plans to signifi backsidetly reduce the impact of AIDS/HIV in Africa.This blood is legitimate and reliable as it is agreeable with other(a) book of factss that will be reviewed later in this study. Aside from that, the publisher, Jones and Bartlett in Massachusetts is a reputable issue house.This source provides an overview of the AIDS/HIV problem in general and also provides cultivation wherefore it is very difficult to curb the problem of HIV infection in Africa. The discussion regarding transmission of the HIV virus will greatly increase aw atomic number 18ness as to the kind of behavior that will lead to infection.The information that can be gathered through reading this source will help government officials to create strategies and enact laws that will make it harder for the virus to spread.This source is of great value to individuals, government or non-government agencies desiring to lend support in the fight against AIDS/HIV in Africa.This is because not only is the source an thin reference guide for the epidemiology of the disease but it also provides useful information on what is being done to stop the virus from overwhelming the whole clear (Nelson & Masters, p. 869). There is a take aim to combine knowledge of science and knowledge of how to understand people.Life ExpectancyThe second pick that will be used for this study was interpreted from an article in The New York Times, entitled, Devastated by AIDS, Africa Sees Life Expectancy Plunge. The article provides a more tangible proof that then AIDS/HIV is wreaking massacre in Africa.It is one thing to simply know about the epidemiology of the disease and it is kinda another to learn that infants born in seven African demesnes those with very high HIV infection could not expect to bonk beyond 40. Due to the catastrophic figures given, some of Africas politicians are saying that the arrives possibly inaccurate (Dugger, par. 7).But the report seems to be saying that irregardless of the exact life expectancy number, there is widespread agreement that people are dying boyish inside the continent.One of the most information that could be gleaned from this article is the fact that people living in sub-Saharan Africa are not only dying young, their ill-timed closes increase the level of leanness in this region.The deaths of thousands of young men and women meant that there will be few people especially those in the prime of their lives who can contribute in the field of education, healthcare and versatile industries. This will cause a chain-reaction of events.For one there will be no solid and able bodied men and women who can spearhead the drive to eradicate AIDS/HIV and the reason is simple, many of them have died. If Africa continues to suffer from the AIDS/HIV pandem ic, therefore it will not take long before the continent will destroy itself due to people living without hope.If the children are the future of a nation then surely the AIDS pandemic is creating a bleak future for sub-Saharan Africa.This is a valid source of information because it came from a reputable source The New York Times.Moreover, the information that can be gathered from reading this text supports many of the findings reviewed from other sources. Aside from being accurate, this resource is a valuable source of information because it focuses on falling life expectancy in sub-Saharan Africa. This will help African politicians as well as their policymakers map out strategies that will help solve the problem.PEPFARThe official web point of The United States Presidents Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) will be the third resource for this study. The site offers a wide array of information regarding the AIDS/HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa.The site talks about the reaso n croup the creation of PEPFAR and what it hopes to achieve in the long run. PEPFAR is US-based and appears to be one of the most important achievements of the Bush administration. This is a reliable source because it is a website created by the U.S. federal government.There are also other U.S. government agencies that acknowledged the significance of PEPFAR and news agencies are also well aware of its existence.One of the most interesting facts that can be gleaned from the website pertains to the plan of former president George W. Bush to position the United States to lead in the fight against global HIV/AIDS. At the center of the plan is the need to focus resources on a region with one of the highest incidence of AIDS/HIV and this is sub-Saharan Africa.Aside from the lofty goals set by PEPFAR another interesting panorama of this plan is the pledge by the U.S. government, to disburse billions of dollars of taxpayers money to help non-the Statesns, thousands of miles away.This wa s a daring move by the former president Bush who insisted that the States is ready and financially able, to take a stand against HIV/AIDS. The former president authorized the release of a multi-billion package that will ensure that a significant part of sub-Saharan Africa will be able to experience outside help. The huge amounts involved will signal to the rest of the world that America is ready.This resource is valuable not only because it provides an overview of the whole PEPFAR initiative. But aside from that, the website also provides detailed information with regards to the steps required leading to the creation of PEPFAR.The site also provides links that will help people discover how the president intended to finance a project that is so massive and so high-priced that it is almost impossible for this Federal funded program to succeed.Corruption in AfricaThe fourth resource that will be used for this study is a book entitled, Corruption in Africa Causes, Consequences, and Cle anups. The authors attempted to explain the unique circumstance that created a host of problems for Africa.Corruption in this side of the world was linked to power-hungry officials who used their position to enrich themselves. When it comes to corruption and the AIDS/HIV pandemic the common denominator is poverty, miss of education and the absence of government services that help worsen the situation in sub-Saharan Africa.This book is an resplendent resource when dealing with factors aside from epidemiology and healthcare. It is very important that policymakers and strategists take a closer look at impact of corruption and why increasing the number of health workers and saturating the region with drugs will never be enough to solve the AIDS/HIV pandemic.The socio-political aspect must be considered as well. There is indeed a clear link between corruption and poverty and when these two are present it creates a social order where the government is inefficient and could not provide t he necessary services that in turn will strengthen the capability of Africans to resist the AIDS/HIV onslaught.This is a reliable resource because it is consistent with research findings used to support the three previous sources. For instance a good education will make it easier for health workers to explain the reason why sexual intercourse and the sharing of contaminated needles are two of the most important means to transmit the virus.If the people are well-educated then it is open for them to understand the steps required to avoid those problems. But with corruption comes the inability to have access to good education and when the people are ignorant it will be easy for the virus to spread.AIDS in AfricaThe number of people living with Human Immune-Deficiency Virus (HIV) in Africa especially in sub-Saharan part is quite big. More than half of the population is give with HIV AIDS and the number of individuals being infected increases each day.It usually causes high death eval uate in children and adults. According to statistics, the number of those who are infected is quite high which is about 2.3 million adults and children (UNAIDS, 2006). The number seems to be dropping drastically which portrays that there has been a change of behaviour which has made the number to reduce and also the decrease can be as a result of increased mortality rate of those who are infected.The number of people who are most moved(p) by AIDS are prostitutes and their clients homosexuals and most of individuals who inject themselves with drugs. In Sub-Saharan region HIV transmission is mostly experienced in most of heterosexual transmission in Africa most of the women are infected at early stages which increases the gap between men and women who are infected with HIV.In Africa, South Africa is the terra firma which has the highest prevalence rate of individual who are infected with AIDS.According to epidemiological survey, it shows that the number of infected individuals in th is ground does not decrease and the main factors which have lead to this increase includes social instability, poverty, family disruption migratory labor system which leads to increased morbidity, sexual transmitted diseases are in increased levels in these regions, women lives in low lieu and sexual violence.The increased incidence rate of Aids in Africa has lead to a major(ip) economical problem which has made the countrys economy in most of Sub-Saharan countries to drop drastically and people in these regions to live under a lot of poverty.According to various statistics, most of the Sub-Saharan Africa countries drop economically with around 1-2% of the total economic status of the country annually. Most of the families with individuals who are infected with HIV AIDS live in total poverty than the rest of the household.This is because the level of productivity decreases drastically since individuals infected with HIV become weak and they are unable to carry on with their daily routine work.These individuals in most cases who are young eventually die leaving young children and the aged who are not able to work for their basic need. They are therefore left to depend on well wishers, government and other non governmental organizations for their living.Due to high death rates, it has also lead to great food shortage since those who work in farms are usually the young generation which is the group which is highly infected. This has lead to lack of essential labor which is needed in farm and therefore the family can result to use of finances which were not necessary to purchase food.In some Sub-Saharan countries such as South Africa, most of productive individuals such as those who work in various governmental organizations are dying of AIDS at a very high rate which makes the country to lost important people who are skilled and had a high potential of bringing receipts to the government.These usually pose a major drawback of the economic status of the countr y. When these individuals die, vital services are not delivered to the public and this can lead to loss of taxation that government could gain from these services.The main sector which is mainly affected by the high prevalence rate of HIV is the labor sector. This is because most of the individuals who are affected by AIDS are between the age of 15-49 which is the most productive age which is mainly the working age.When the labor of the country drops, its economic status is also affected this is mostly experienced by those individuals who are directly affected or infected by AIDS.When those people who are already trained for various job die because of AIDS, it means that factories, industries, schools and hospitals have to incur extra cost for training more skilled individuals who can replace them and those who can work expeditiously (Cohen 1990). In order to facilitate this, these sectors have to use a lot of money which could be used for other purposes to boost the economic statu s of these sectors.Due to strong impact that HIV sets on labor force, in various enterprises and household, HIV has acted as a quite significant factor in drop of the economic development and growth of countries and also in individuals. It has played quite a vital effect in the economic development of Africa as a whole.Due to the fact that Africa faces a major economic drawback, it has made it quite difficulty for African countries to fight the epidemic. This is because the disease prevalence rate is quite high and the economic status of he country and individuals goes down which makes most of individuals not to afford the antiretroviral drugs (ARV) therapies which can help to reduce the prevalence rate of diseases.In some cases the productivity of infected individuals can be boosted by proper feeding and good feed, but in these Sub-Saharan countries, its quite hard for infected individual to have proper diet which will help in boosting the immune status of the body since there is no enough money to be supplemented in buying of food.Due to high poverty levels of those who are infected and their low economic status, the prevention methods which can be used to minimize high rate of disease infection are not quite applicable due to lack of money. This has increased the disease occurrence a lot since no prevention measures are taken and therefore transmission rate is quite high.This is mostly experienced in mother child transmission, since most of expectant women who are living in extreme poverty do not have money to attend the antenatal clinic and they usually end up delivering at home where there are no measures which are taken into consideration to prevent the disease from being transmitted to the child.In some cases, individuals who are infected with HIV also have high chances of being infected with other opportunistic infections which mainly affects individuals with AIDS such as TB. Due to their inability to access medical services due to lack of money, the y get weak quite quickly and can result to death. In this case the economic status of the country drop due to lack of money.Most of the countries in Sub Saharan live under extreme poverty which makes them to lack basic access to education which is a major factor which can be used to alleviate poverty levels and boost the economic status of the country (Avert org, 2008). Those individuals who do not have basic education on the effect AIDS end up contacting it rakishly which increases transmission rate due to lack of knowledge about the impact the disease has on the society.Social impact of children and women in South AfricaSouth Africa is one of the countries in the Sub-Saharan region with quite a high prevalence rate of AIDS its estimated that around 15-20% of its total adult population is infected with HIV. The number of those individuals who are infected has greatly exceeded the number which was considered to be possible initially.There is no evidence of epidemic slowing in South Africa since around 4.9-6.1 million people in the country are infected with AIDS. Statistics carried out on 2004 showed that around 1-3 expectant mother are infected with HIV and since then gradual increase has been realized.

The Petersons Home ICT Devices

The Petersons have a limited amount of equipment in their homes and all the items are incongruous for the family. Here is a conclusion as to wherefore the devices are unsuitable, and how the situation could be improved.The family is equipt with a Pentium II computer with a 32mb of ram, a 2Gb hard drive and a 2mb graphics card. This is genuinely unsuitable for this busy family as the computer would be extremely slow and has very(prenominal) little space to install new programs and save the documents the family would need. This is a very sometime(a) type of computer, and would not be able to run some of the latest software. A faster, and more than update computer, such as a Pentium 4 mainframe would be much more appropriate for this family.With the computer is a 14-inch monitor capable of 640 x 480 screen resolutions, which is also inappropriate for the likes of this family. A 14-inch screen is very small and most(prenominal) of the more dated computer monitors are less able t o adjust. With a low and small screen could cause health hassles for the family, such as neck and back pains. The low screen resolutions would be a problem when trying to run newer software, which require a higher resolution. A more suitable choice would be a larger, and higher resolution screen, and possibly flat screen too.The computer has a black and white dot matrix printer, which is very unsuitable for members of the family who wish to print documents in colour. Dot matrix printers produce a low quality print too, the document may count unclear and patchy compared to a laser colour printer, which would be more advisable for the families needs.The computer only has a 28k modem that is not capable of sending faxes. The most obvious disadvantage to this is that the family so-and-sonot send faxes form the home office. However, with a 28k modem, the computer would also have ridiculously slow Internet connection. Most computers on sales event at the moment have a modem included in the package, however they rout out be bought. The standard modem is 56k, which would provide fast access to the Internet.Windows 95, and Office 95 are both very dated versions and desperately need to be updated. The setup would be slow and unable to cope with large quantities of selective information and the users would be restricted on what software they could use. Office 95 would have a very limited amount of programs available, and would not satisfy all the day-to-day needs of a family. Most new computers come with Windows XP, which would have in mind a fast setup and more programs available for the family to use.The family only have floppy disks as a backup for the computer, which is an unwise choice. If the computer fails, and the disks cannot be located or the disk does not work, it is sure that the data will be lost. However, a larger problem would be fitting large files onto a floppy disk, which has on a 1.4k capacity, which would not be enough for the likes of graphics files, or picture files that are very large. Also, if there is a large amount of data to be stored, one would have to use many disks to store all the information, this may make the data hard to locate. A more ideal solution would be to store the information on re-writable disks, which store a large amount of data. However, this would also mean the family would need to invest in a CD-ROM drive, which right off comes free in addition with all computers sold.With no gaming equipment the family would be unable to command games to their full satisfaction, or in some cases, the game may not run at all. This would mean that the computer could not be used as a gaming machine. There is a lot of gaming equipment available at the moment, but the most popular is a Joystick, which is useful for the majority of games. more games and programs that are on the market have sound features for added effect. Of course with no speakers attached to the computer, no sound can be heard. This is a problem for interactional programs, where instructions are given verbally. Also, watching DVDs, or listening to practice of medicine form CDs or MP3s is impossible. With no speakers, you also cannot use recording equipment such as microphones, as there will be no feedback. All modern computers now come with a speaker sound system, sometimes including sub-woofer, but they can also be sold separately.The family have access to a standard TV with no digital capacity and an analogue satellite receiver. This means that the family can only pick up some satellite and analogue stations that are broadcasted. The digital channels would not be available on the goggle box or via the satellite, as they have no digital capacity. The family could invest in a digital decoder or a new television with digital capacity. If the family bought a digital decoder, then they would not be able to interact with some of the features available on the channels, however with a new television, or a digital channel rece iver, the family would be able to interact.There is an old hifi which has no CD player, or mini disc player, which is not suitable for this family. Most music on sale at the moment is sold on CD therefore it may be hard to get hold of music on cassette or record. Cassettes and records produce a low quality of sound, and are not as reliable as a CD. More and more records are now becoming available on mini discs, which are compact, and can store a lot of music, and record music easily, also providing quality sound. All ingenuous stereo systems come complete with a CD player, and some with minidisk players, along with tape players and radios.

Abnormality of Lindsay Lohan Essay

For i to be classified as psychologically abnormal, he or she must display the four mannerisms of abnormality, known as the four Ds dysfunction, di focus, deviance, and dangerousness. I am certain that the Hollywood star, Lindsay Lohan, meets the qualifications of abnormality. Lindsays appearance prevents her functioning normally in life. Lindsay Lohans addiction to alcohol and her do drugs abuse has landed her in and out of jail and as well as rehabilitation centers numerous times. According to CNN, Lindsay Lohan pled guilty with the possession of cocain and drinking under the influence. Lindsays trouble with law has caused great di express to her health as well. According to TMZ, Lindsay Lohan was hospitalized for stress induced Pneumonia.Lindsay claims that the stress in which induced her pneumonia originated from her citation for a hit and run accident involving a pedestrian. Lindsays chronic stealing expression can be viewed as deviant. According to TMZ, Lindsay Lohan has be en accused on many occassions of stealing items such as clothes, necklaces, earings, and shoes from various apparel boutiques. Lastly, Lindsay has endangered society with her alcohol addictions. fox News reports that Lindsay Lohan has been arrested for drinking under the influence many times. In one of her many drinking under the influence-related accidents, she crashed her car into another moving vehicle. advance this from a cognitive perspective, I believe that the wreckless and attention seeking behavior that Lindsay Lohan outputs is a direct result from her parents divorce and stress induced from her sky-rocketing childhood fame. In Lindsay Lohans hit song Confessions of a broken heart, she emotionally expresses her relationship with her father. In her lyrics she says, And I throng the weight of the world on my shoulders, a family in crisis that only grows older, whyd you have to go I dream of another you one who would neer leave me alone to pick up the pieces, a daddy to hol d me because thats all I needed. In psychopathology, the cognitive perspective views that ones thought processesinfluences his/her behavior and emotion.In Lindsays negative exposure to her family fights and parents divorce, I believe that she lacked proper love and attention from her emotionally drained mother and uninvolved father. With the lack of attention from her two parents and her fame slowly fading away, her mind justified that it wasacceptable to engage in wreckless/irrational behavior to gain that attention that she desired. Lindsay Lohan uses this attribution as a desperate attempt to gain control of others attention so that she forget not feel forgotten, like how her father abandoned her. I believe she makes global assumptions that she deserves everyones love and attention. Lindsays useage of drugs and engagement in wreckless behavior is a desperate cry for attention that she seeks to satisfy her feeling of being forgotten. If she does not seek therapy soon to learn how to deal with her emotions more effectively, her wreckless, attention seeking behavior will only be reinforced.

Classroom observation Essay

I have been observing several round-eyed teachers during the past eight weeks. All instructors bring into the clear uproom their individual teaching styles. Within that style in that respect are various and assorted behaviors and actions they performed in their instruction.Most of the teachers observed presented the topic they were teaching. The instructors used teaching aid such as overhead and PowerPoint slides. It helped to keep students on track in the presentation of information. Teachers encouraged class participation in the subject to be taught by asking questions related to the topic. The students connected easily with the significant when they could relate it to prior knowledge. Teachers were very organize and interested in communicate with their students. They periodically asked question and make sure students were downstairsstanding the concept presented. Students seem to be enjoying the instructional time with their teachers. They seem relaxed, attentive, on task, a nd actively participating in the subject. I could see that there were hardly any behavioral problems. When students were beginning to lapse track of subject, there was angiotensin converting enzyme teacher that use humor to bring them back.I run into one exemption when observing a 1st grade teacher. His classroom was not well organized. You could see lade of papers on different tables. Wall signs were falling down, trash on the floor. Students were the same way. Their desks were full of trash. Their books and supplies under their desk were all over the place. The instructor asked the students to take their language art book out and wrote the page be where they were going to havet reading. He had another student controlling the a CD player to star reading along with the CD. It was chotic in that classroom I believe that instructor was not prepare adequacy to teach this subject and he needs classroom management.